Course Description:
The course is designed for first year B.Tech. students of all branches. It provides essential and applied knowledge of physical and mental health. Introducing the course is more crucial in the present days, particularly undergraduate students, who require awareness on their physical and mental health. With this focus, the course covers various aspects of physical fitness, wellness and lifestyle, fundamental aspects of anatomy, physiology in physical education, yoga and lifestyle, different types of sports, etc. Although, the basic theoretical aspects of sports and yoga are discussed, major focus will be on the practice of yoga asanas and participation in various sports by the students.
Course Aims and Objectives:
1. Make the students understand the importance of sound health and fitness principles as they relate to better health.
2. Expose the students to a variety of physical and yogic activities aimed at stimulating their continued inquiry about yoga, physical education, health and fitness.
3. Create a safe, progressive, methodical and efficient activity-based plan to enhance improvement and minimize risk of injury.
4. Develop among students an appreciation of physical activity as a lifetime pursuit and a means to better health.
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course, the student will be able to…
CO 1: Apply the knowledge of physical activities and Hatha Yoga on himself/herself and practice them [K3].
CO 2: Understand basic skills associated with yoga and physical activities including strength, flexibility, balance and coordination [K2].
CO 3: Practice yoga asanas, pranayama and meditation in daily life for the health of body and balance of mind [K3].
CO 4: Apply correctly the biomechanical and physiological principles elated to exercise and training [K3].
CO 5: Practice techniques for increasing concentration and decreasing anxiety which leads to stronger academic performance [K3].
Course Structure:
Unit 1: Introduction to physical education, physical fitness, wellness and life style

• Meaning and definition of physical education, aims and objectives, changing trends in
  physical education.
• Meaning and importance of physical fitness and wellness, components of physical
  fitness.
• Components of health related fitness, components of wellness.
• Preventing health threats through lifestyle change and concept of positive lifestyle.
• Awards and honours in the field of sports in India (Dronacharya Award, Arjuna Award, Dhayanchad Award, Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award, etc.)

Unit 2: Fundamentals of anatomy, physiology, kinesiology, biomechanics and sports

• Meaning of anatomy, physiology and their importance in the context of physical education and sports.
• Effect of exercise on the functioning of various body systems like circulatory system, respiratory system, neuromuscular system, etc.
• Meaning and importance of kinesiology and biomechanics in physical education and sports, Newton’s law of motion and its application in sports, friction and its effects in sports.
• Concept of postures, causes of bad posture, advantages of correct posture, advantages and disadvantages of weight training, common postural deformities – knock knee, flat foot, round shoulders, lordosis, kyphosis, bow legs and scoliosis.

Unit 3: Psychology in Sports

• Definition and importance of psychology in physical education and sports, differentiation between growth and development.
• Adolescent problems and their management, concept and types of emotions, control of emotions, meaning and types of aggressions in sports, psychological benefits of exercise.
• Anxiety and fear and their effects on sports performance, motivation – types and techniques, understanding stress and coping strategies.
• Concept and meaning of doping, prohibited substances and methods, side effects of prohibited substances.
• First aid – definition and objectives, sports injuries – classification, causes and prevention, management of injuries – soft tissue injuries and bone and joint injuries. (Following subtopics related to any one game/sport of choice of student out of: Athletics, Badminton, Basketball, Chess, Cricket, Kabaddi, Lawn Tennis, Swimming, Table Tennis, Volleyball, etc.: History of the game/sport, latest general rules of the game/sport, specifications of play fields and related sports equipment, important tournaments and venues, sports personalities, proper sports gear and its importance.)

Unit 4: Theoretical aspects of Yoga and practice of Asanas

• Meaning, history and basic concepts of yoga, three bodies of human system, panchakoshas, trigunas, and ashtanga yoga.
• Meaning of asanas, practice of sukshma vyayama (warm up for asanas), asanas as preventive measures, practice of various asanas in the four categories – standing, sitting, prone and supine – at least 5 postures from each category, variations, contraindications and benefits of the asanas, Sun salutations.
• Asanas for hypertension, back pain, diabetes, asthama, obesity, etc.

Unit 5: Theory and practice of pranayama and meditation

• Meaning of pranayama, instructions for practice of pranayama, practice of various pranayama techniques – abdominal breathing, kapalabhati, anulom-vilom pranayama, bhramari, etc.
• Relaxation techniques for improving concentration – Yognidra
• Meaning of meditation, difference between concentration and meditation, various meditation methods, heartfulness meditation practice, benefits of meditation.

Textbook(s) / Reference(s):
1. Modern trends and physical education – Prof. Ajmer Singh.
2. Health and Physical Education – NCERT (11th and 12th Classes).
3. Light on Yoga – B.K.S. Iyengar.
4. Light on Pranayama – B.K.S. Iyengar.